
Icon of St. Clare of Assisi<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
Francis would go on to found a third religious order for those who did not wish to withdraw from the world and take religious vows but who wished to live the Franciscan way of life. This third order would quickly expand beyond Italy and Francis himself was determined to change the world and began to travel and preach the gospel. In 1219, during the Fifth Crusade, Francis traveled to Egypt to meet with the sultan and preach the gospel to the Muslims. Something no one else would have even considered at the time. Francis sought peace and reconciliation when every other Christian was after blood. It seems he thought he could persuade the sultan to change his ways which obviously didn\u2019t happen. But according to legend, he was greeted graciously and seems to have made an impression as he was allowed to leave and return to Italy. And Franciscans have had a presence in the Holy Land ever since. They were entrusted by Muslims, Jews, and Christians to safeguard the holiest places in Jerusalem which they still do today. I met a few Franciscan friars caring for an ancient Christian basilica when I was there in 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n

This Franciscan church in Galilee celebrated its 800th anniversary in 2019. I took this picture on a pilgrimage in 2022.<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
This was one of many mythic events in the life of Francis. There are countless tales of him communicating with animals and he famously identified so deeply with Jesus Christ that he bore the stigmata, or the wounds of the crucified Jesus. He was so charismatic and his simple way of life so enticing that his order grew in unprecedented fashion and even today the Franciscans are the most numerous religious order in the world.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Francis lived a relatively short life and during his later years, he would dictate his testament and his Canticle of the Sun<\/em>, which is believed to be the first work of literature written in the Italian language. At the time all religious literature was written in Latin, which only priests and nobility could read, but Francis was a man of the people. He was also the first person to celebrate Christmas by setting up a nativity scene in which he used real animals and a straw-filled feeding trough. Francis wanted to make the gospel real and embodied for people by engaging their senses and speaking to them in their language. He emphasized living the gospel rather than simply preaching it.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
He was a truly unique, beautiful, and impactful human being. But, ultimately, Francis died on October 3rd, 1226 while singing Psalm 142:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
“I cry aloud to the Lord;<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0I lift up my voice to the Lord for mercy.<\/span><\/p>\nI pour out before him my complaint;<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0before him, I tell my trouble.<\/span><\/p>\nWhen my spirit grows faint within me,<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0it is you who watch over my way.<\/span><\/p>\nIn the path where I walk<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0people have hidden a snare for me.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Look and see, there is no one at my right hand;<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0no one is concerned for me.<\/span><\/p>\nI have no refuge;<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0no one cares for my life.<\/span><\/p>\nI cry to you, Lord;<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0I say, \u201cYou are my refuge,<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0my portion in the land of the living.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\nListen to my cry,<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0for I am in desperate need;<\/span><\/p>\nrescue me from those who pursue me,<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0for they are too strong for me.<\/span><\/p>\nSet me free from my prison,<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0that I may praise your name.<\/span><\/p>\nThen the righteous will gather about me<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0because of your goodness to me.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
Within two years he was declared a saint by Pope Gregory the 9th and the Basilica of St. Francis was commissioned in Assisi where he was buried and where his remains can be found to this day.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n

The Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi in Assisi, Italy.<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
But that is just a brief overview of his biography. To get to know Francis we need to look at some of his writing and some of the stories of his life.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
His Teachings<\/h2>\n
Francis didn\u2019t write much. He disliked books and chose to keep his writing as simple as possible. He was a poet and poets at the time weren\u2019t known for writing but singing. And Francis and his followers sang often. They would walk everywhere they went and sing along the way. And sometimes one of his followers would write down what he sang.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
And I think it\u2019s important to note that some of what’s been attributed to Francis is not always accurate. For example, one of the most common quotations of St. Francis you’ll find is one he never actually said\u2014or at least, he didn’t say it as it is quoted: “Preach the Gospel at all times, only occasionally, use words.”\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
While that may be an accurate summary of his philosophy, what he did say was: <\/span><\/p>\n“God has called us with so much mercy, not only for our souls, but for others’. So we should be out in the world encouraging people, always more by deeds than by words. Show them how you do penance for your sins and how you live the commandments.”\u00a0<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
However, he did leave behind a few letters, prayers, rules of life, and poems, all of which I quote and refer to often. His earliest recorded writing is a prayer from 1206 which he is said to have prayed while kneeling in front of an icon of Christ that still hangs in Assisi today:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cHighest of all,<\/span><\/p>\nMost beautiful One,<\/span><\/p>\nPlease enlighten my heart, even in the shadows,<\/span><\/p>\nWhere I try to hide.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Please show me the right and true way<\/span><\/p>\nTo follow you,<\/span><\/p>\nWith confidence and hope,<\/span><\/p>\nWith love and a feeling of understanding of<\/span><\/p>\nYou and your presence in my life.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Only then, will I be able to do<\/span><\/p>\nYour holy will and follow<\/span><\/p>\nYour true commandments.<\/span><\/p>\nAmen.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
A simple and beautiful prayer, and a great example of Francis\u2019s style. It was after this prayer that he heard God\u2019s call to rebuild the church. It seems his prayer was answered.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Much of what he wrote is rules for his brothers to guide them in the spiritual life they had chosen. When people feel called to a life of spiritual devotion there is often a tension between wanting to go away into solitude and withdraw from the world and needing to be in the world to serve. Francis was well aware of this tension as he dealt with it himself. This is why he created his rules for those who desire to live alone. Here are a few quotes from that to give you an idea of his spiritual genius:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cEach brother may have his own room to pray in solitude, and to sleep. But he must not always be alone.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
In each situation, two of the four brothers should be as \u201cmother\u201d to the other two. The other two, then, should be as \u201csons.\u201d The two who are being as mothers for their sons should follow the life of Martha, from holy scripture, and the sons who relate to their mothers, should follow the life of Mary\u2026.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
And those brothers who are as mothers to their children should always be seeking to protect their sons from all harm. This includes unnecessary talking\u2013don\u2019t do it.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Finally, those who are like a spiritual son should, from time to time, take on the role of the spiritual mother. Brothers living in these situations of holy quiet can learn to take turns in these roles by agreement among themselves.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
Francis wanted his friars to be different from the monks who had preceded them. Before Francis vowed religious life was about being locked away from the world in cloisters. But he knew that real spiritual life, the kind that can change the world, required you to be in the world, not separated from it.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
This is especially apparent in the way he spoke about lepers and his experiences serving them. He had been challenged and transformed by interacting with these people who were considered outcasts. People whom he never would have come into contact with if he was shut away in a monastery. In the opening to his testament, he states:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cI am Brother Francis. God showed me the ways of sin beginning with the sight of lepers and how uncomfortable it made me. But then God led me among them, and I began to learn to have compassion for them, and I began to help with their troubles. Before long, what had made me so uncomfortable became instead something sweet to my soul, even to my body.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
He also had a profound respect for the Eucharist and the priests who perform this sacred Christian rite and this is apparent in his writing. Which is, again, very different than most Christians today. In one letter he wrote:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cVisit churches and care for them. Show respect to the clergy, not just because they are clergy, but because they are so close to the Body and Blood of Jesus. Remember always that no one can be saved without that Body and Blood.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
And again he mentions it in what is known as his Testament which was most likely dictated by him on his deathbed. He states:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cThen God gave me a faith in priests, those of the Roman Church, so that I would never cease to follow their advice. Anywhere in the world, I would only preach if the local priest invited me to do so. To them I give all my respect and honor. I cannot even imagine sin in these men, because I see the Son of God among them so often. I am only able to see the Son of God clearly, in this corporeal world, in his holy Body and Blood, which only priests may administer. This is the one holy mystery to be honored above all others. It should be carefully kept and protected.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
Powerful words about a sacrament that has become nothing but a symbolic reenactment of a historic event to most Christians today. Sadly, I don\u2019t know any Christians who \u201csee the Son of God\u201d during the eucharist today and I think things would be very different if they did.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
So we can see from these selections that Francis was a charismatic, dynamic, and radical human being beyond the \u201cbird bath saint\u201d as some have called him. But I want to return to the three qualities of Francis I mentioned at the beginning and which I think we ought to aspire to cultivate: detachment from materialism, harmony with Nature, and universal brotherhood.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Detachment from Materialism<\/h3>\n
Francis was serious about his vow of poverty. He was nicknamed <\/span>il poverello <\/span><\/i>or the little poor one. He knew all about the dangers of materialism. His father was a wealthy merchant after all. And he took Jesus\u2019s command to sell everything and give it to the poor literally. Something very few people have ever done. He could see that material success most often leads people away from God and towards egocentrism. He was keenly aware of the corrupting nature of money and possessions. The Franciscan rule of life is adamant that no money or possessions be kept.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cNo brother is ever permitted to receive coins of money, either for themselves or for someone else.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cAs payment for work, brothers may receive what is needed for their bodily needs, and those of their fellow brothers, but again, never coin or money. Work humbly. Remember your poverty.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cNothing, no stuff, not a house, no place of residence, nothing at all is to be considered your own. You are pilgrims and strangers in this world. You serve the Lord with humility, in poverty.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
Now we don\u2019t need to take a vow of poverty to learn from his example. But we do need to learn to detach ourselves from our possessions and from our obsession with the pursuit of material goods. After all, it\u2019s relationships that give us meaning and purpose, not possessions. And it is precisely our insatiable desire for stuff that is leading us towards disaster.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Harmony with Nature<\/h3>\n
This brings me to the second quality of living in harmony with Nature. Stories abound of Francis preaching to the birds or talking to the trees about God. These tend to be the most popular stories about Francis and are widely known.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
For instance, one day a local fisherman took Francis out in his boat, caught a big fish and presented it to him as a gift. Francis just kissed it and let it back into the water.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
In another story he called out to an almond tree, \u201cBrother Almond, tell me about God!\u201d and the almond tree opened its blossoms.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
He also required that any garden the friars planted include a strip at one end for flowers. Something most people saw as useless at the time.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
And then there is his great poem the Canticle of the Sun<\/em> in which he states that God is glorified through Brother Sun, Sister Moon and the stars, Brother Wind, Sister Water, Brother Fire, and Mother Earth.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
He sings:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
You are glorified by our Mother Earth.<\/span><\/p>\nThrough her, you sustain and keep us.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nEvery plant and fruit and flower and color of\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nyours enters our lives by Mother Earth.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
Francis saw God in every creation, even the stones. And it is very difficult to disrespect and destroy the natural world when you see the stones, plants, animals, and the Earth itself as your brothers and sisters and mother. This was at a time when animals were seen as either tools to be used for work or terrifying monsters to be feared.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
Universal Brotherhood<\/h3>\n
And, finally, universal brotherhood. Francis didn\u2019t get caught up in tribalism. Remember how he went to meet with the sultan when every other Christian simply wanted to kill him? Francis loved all humans, even criminals and lepers and he codified this in the rule as well:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cWherever you are, and go, meet each other as if you are members of one family. Share your needs with one another. Just as a mother loves a son in the flesh, you should love each other in the spirit.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cBrother Francis counsels and advises his brothers in Jesus Christ, that when they are out in the world they should not argue or judge others. They should be meek and peaceful, gentle and humble. They should speak courteously.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n
He was insistent that we not judge others or wish them harm, no matter who they are or what they\u2019ve done. In one letter he states:<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
\u201cYou should love anyone who harms or bothers you. You shouldn\u2019t be wishing them harm, or even for them to go away. Only God\u2019s will be done. In fact, you shouldn\u2019t even wish for them to be better Christians, as if that is your judgment to make. It is not.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
This is a time for you to go deeply into your private room and pray. If you have done that, then you would see, with God\u2019s help, that there is no one in the world who has sinned, or could sin, in such a way as to not merit your forgiveness. And even if he hasn\u2019t asked for your forgiveness, you should be asking him if he would like to have it from you.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n